Country : Australia
Assignment Task

    

Task
Conflicts and wars are like laws of nature an integral part of humankind. Since  time immemorial there have been conflicts and wars in the world and thus  military forces, their personnel and the demand for armament goods are an  important object of national politics. As a decisive part of Security and Defence  Policy, armed forces have an outstanding position. Nearly in every independent  state which maintains military forces, these forces can be seen as a large  enterprise - in most cases even the largest enterprise.    konfliktusok és a háborúk, csakúgy, mint a természet törvényei szerves részei az  emberiségnek. Id?tlen id?k óta voltak konfliktusok és háborúk a világon, és katonai er?, maguk a katonák, valamint a fegyverzet és felszerelés biztosítása  \ fontos céljai a nemzeti politikának. Ennek megfelel?en a biztonság és  védelempolitika egyik kiemelt területe a fegyveres er?k szerepe. Szinte minden független állam, amely katonai er?t tart fenn, úgy tekint a fegyveres er?kre, minegy nagyvállalatra - a legtöbb esetben a legnagyobb vállalkozásra.Like civilian enterprises armed forces produce goods and services, but these goods and services differ from products and services of their civilian counterparts. The range of all goods and services produced by armed forces are wide and manifold, i.e. the output reaches  from deterrence and dissuasion, military training and exercises, medical treatment,  maintenance in a naval wharf, operations abroad, scientific research work and teaching at  military universities to the paperwork of the Ministry of Defence. To produce all final and intermediate products armed forces use land, labour and capital as factors for production. In  peace and in wartime the factors of production are scarce and therefore their supply and use in  production is always a critical bottleneck for satisfying all the needs of military planners and  leaders.  In order to be economically successful, private enterprises need to observe the law of  rational and efficient use of factors of production. Armed forces as typical state enterprises in  the narrow sense without the need to yield profit, especially in wartime, seem to neglect the  law of rational and efficient use of factors of production. This special situation of armed forces in a society stimulated economists to study armed forces as “a special case of an  enterprise (sui generis)” and they also wanted to know more about the production process  with armed forces. Therefore a small group of economists created the discipline “Defence  Economics” as a part of economic science.  Defence Economics seems to be a rather new discipline without a family tree, which goes back to economic thinkers of the early days of humankind, but this new discipline may have  its starting point in the 18th Century when the so-called classics made also some research  work in the field of military affairs.

 


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  • Uploaded By : Roman
  • Posted on : January 20th, 2020
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