University : The University of Western Australia UniLearnO is not sponsored or endorsed by this college or university.
Subject Code : MINE5501
Assignment Task

Essay Guide 
The focus of the essay should be on the use of an appropriate economic model to develop policy solutions to the problems identified. At a minimum your essay should include. 
A brief description of the problem (without too much technical/scientific detail – this is an economics essay). 
A brief explanation as to why this problem is an “economic” problem (there should be some market failure or resource misallocation identified). 
A brief exposition of the conceptual tools in resource and environmental economics that seem most appropriate for policy analysis in respect of the problem (e.g. theory of externalities, demand supply analysis, environmental standards models). 
An assessment of how well the actual/proposed policy matches theory, and what other considerations/complications might need to be considered in deciding on the most appropriate policy solution (e.g. is there an equity issues that needs to be addressed?) 
If you have not already done so you might like to check out the UWA guide to writing essays at: 
Referencing and Plagiarism 
Your essay needs to make appropriate use of references and avoid plagiarism 
The University offers a range of guides and if you have not done so it is worth checking these out at 
Some useful guides from this site in pdf format have been added to the essay topics folder in LMS. 
Essay Topics 
1. Examine the economic logic for charging landfill levies. Taking a particular jurisdiction as an example (e.g. UK, WA, NSW), examine the levy policy, its consistency with the theory and the role this levy might play in encouraging recycling, in particular, in encouraging waste to energy conversion. 
2. To what extent can the ecologist's and the economist's concepts of sustainable behaviour be mutually consistent? Examine the theory behind each approach, and briefly evaluate the validity of attempts made by economists to make the concept operational. Chose a particular jurisdiction and sustainability policy (e.g. Australia, Germany or Spain and the policy of subsidising solar panels) and briefly assess how well the policy matches the theory. 
3. Pesticide and herbicide use in agriculture is widespread. Examine how the lack of appropriate property rights in pesticide use risks market failure. Given the nature of the problem, assess the relative merits of a standard limiting the use of these chemicals compared to levying a usage tax as a means of remedying the externality. 
4. Bans on lawn water sprinklers are an economically inefficient way to control water use” Critically examine the economic reasoning behind this statement. Taking a particular jurisdiction, assess how they manage residential water use and how well the policy accords with economic theory 
5. The Canadian Mining Regulation (CMR) royalty is based on a company’s annual profits from mining. It is typical of Canadian mineral royalties, which are mainly profit based. Although each province has slight variations, its main characteristics are: 
A stepped ladder of royalty rate – 
No royalty on the first $10,000 of annual profits. 
5% of annual net profit between $10,000 and $5 million. 
Escalating in 1% increments per $5 million of net profit, to maximum 14% (for net profit above $45 million). 
Subject to an overall maximum rate on all net profit of 13% (for profit above $220 million). 
Examine the case for this type or royalty. How well does it accord with the economic model of the ideal royalty? Consider whether any differences between the theory and actuality can be justified in terms of any practical or wider social implications associated with levying royalties. 
6. Taking a specific example, of your choosing, examine the merits of using upfront bidding for mineral/oil leases as an alternative to a per unit royalty applied to price
or production, with the emphasis on how this policy choice affects risk sharing between the government and miner/oil producer. 
7. Aggregates extraction gives rise to various environmental impacts including noise, dust, and visual intrusion.” (from House of Commons Select Committee on Environmental Audit, 1999). The UK Govt has implemented a tax on the mining of aggregates currently set at £2/tonne and raises around £400 million pounds per annum or around £5 billion since inception. A portion of the revenue, around 10%, is allocated to a sustainability fund to assist mine site rehabilitation and related environmental improvements. Examine this tax-fund combination in terms of its consistency with economic theory. Compare this to an alternative of requiring ongoing best practice environmental management as a standard and the lodgement of performance bonds to achieve rehabilitation outcomes such as is done in Australia. 
8. The USA has a NOx trading program. A 2017 study in the American Economic Review found that this NOx Budget Trading Program decreased NOx emissions and ambient ozone concentrations substantially. Health expenditures were reduced as was the mortality rate. A NOx emission tax could have achieved an emission reduction with presumably similar health outcomes. Using the US NOx scheme as a case study, examine the proposition that the choice of a permits trading system will achieve the NOx emissions target at less cost. 
9. Using a toxic substance spill as the case, evaluate the merits of a performance bond versus strict liability for the clean-up costs. 
10. Carbon offsets have been proposed as part of the scheme for a cap and trade policy. Outline the basic economics of carbon offsets with particular reference to how they work, monitoring costs and the potential for market failure in offsets markets.

 

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  • Posted on : October 03rd, 2018

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